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. "This may seem like science fiction," Tartese said.In a word, asteroids. (Photo: AFP)After the Apollo missions scooped up rocks from the Moon’s surface and brought them home, scientists were convinced for decades that they had proof our nearest celestial neighbour was drier than a bone."It is also possible, the researchers said, that some of the water on the lunar surface may have been ejected by volcanic eruptions, bubbling up from what was once a molten interior.Even if scientists today are sure there is water trapped on the Moon, they do not know how much, said co-author Roman Tartese, a researcher at the Minerology Institute of France’s National Museum for Natural History.If future scientific missions can extract oxygen from these molecules, astronauts could live — and breath — inside bases on the lunar surface.5 billion years ago, it was bombarded with water-rich asteroids known as carbonaceous chondrites for tens of millions of years, perhaps longer.

The Moon, in fact, probably began as "an enormous ball of magma" progressively cooled and hardened, said Tartese.On the surface, up to a billion tonnes of frozen water — enough to fill a million Olympic pools — is probably lodged inside deep craters around the north and south lunar poles, where the Sun’s rays never penetrate.How wrong they were.Water on the Moon could have very practical implications.After the Moon was born of a collision between Earth and a Mars-sized planet some 4.And the hydrogen, once separated from the oxygen, could be used as fuel for rockets or space-based mining operations.New technology detected water in those dusty samples nearly a decade ago, and a new study, published recently, tells us how and when that water — lots and lots of it — likely wound up on the Moon.Recent research concluded that it "has been trapped there for three or four billion years," Tartese said by email."But it is one of the reasons several space agencies — including the European Space Agency and National Aeronautics and Space Administration — are currently developing robotic missions to explore new regions to better estimate the quantity of ice."The Moon can be viewed as a giant time capsule, preserving a record of the impact history of Earth and Moon since their formation," explained lead author Jessica Barnes, a researcher at The Open University in southern England.

If there is that much, it will likely be locked inside minerals in the form of hydroxyl (OH) molecules, he added.Astronaut Harrison Schmitt collects lunar rake samples at the Taurus-Littrow landing site on the moon during the Apollo 17 mission on December China Vegetable Empty Capsule manufacturers 11, 1972.So was Earth, which is one reason the findings, published in Nature Communications, are of more than academic interest."If we extrapolate from the Apollo samples, the lunar interior could contain on the order of 1,000 trillion tonnes," he told AFP.On our on planet, that record has been largely erased by tectonic plates moving continents like pieces on a board game.

Karwar-based marine biologist Dr Prakash Mesta agrees that extreme and untimely heat is not good for marine life.Like Vasudeva, most fishermen were happy that the repeated toofans or cyclones in the Arabian Sea during the monsoon and in subsequent months would inevitably result in a good fish harvest. "Now the sea has not only covered this 1 km, it is virtually knocking at the doors of the resort," he notes. For example,  bivalves, a class of marine and fresh water mussel has dwindled by over 75 per cent during the last 15 years. There is a fall in the usual  fish like Sardine, Silver Fish and Mackerel coming into the nets but surprisingly, new fish varieties are being netted now.

They were never found in the Bay of Bengal but now, fishermen in Chennai and even in Gujarat are getting huge amounts of these fish in their nets.Dr Mesta says the changing patterns in the fish harvest are due to the migration of marine life."During the rainy season, the sea comes near the shore and after the monsoon — between August and May, it moves back."And maybe blame global warming for drastic changes in the climate.He feels vented dams and sand mining in estuaries too are to blame for the fall in the amount of sand getting washed onto the shore. "Like us, they also look for ideal places to survive. For example, Karwar was famous for sardine and mackerel and their traditional habitat used to be between Kochi and the Ratnagiri region in Maharashtra."During the last rain-induced floods, there was an enormous flow of fresh water into these mangroves."For the last two years, we have been catching the Odonus species of fish a lot," says Dr Sujatha Thomas, Principal Scientist, CMFRI- Mangaluru.. "There are several changes happening in marine diversity with many micro organisms and small marine life vanishing. These are mangroves which thrive in saline water though it is common during the monsoon for fresh water from Kali river to accumulate in them. What is of more concern are the changes in marine life migration and fishing patterns. The sand which goes offshore during and after the monsoon usually comes back to the beaches once the rains are over but as the input of sand has decreased, the beach is declining in its reach," Prof. Paniyadi find out the reasons why Karnataka’s coast is fast becoming an ecologist’s nightmare and why it is essential to act before it is too late.

We cannot pinpoint one single reason for the change in fish variety as the ocean is a dynamic system and there are many changes happening in fishing patterns and sea temperature," she says and recollects that a few years ago, it was the same case with the puffer fish suddenly dominating the catch."This is happening because of  climate change as sea behaviour is related to the topography.Human intervention and the construction of a sea wall have also led to the beach at Bengre in north Mangaluru increasing in its reach while there is erosion and an advancing sea to the south. Jayappa of the Marine geology department at Mangaluru University, who specialises in estuarine and coastal processes agrees with this view. Mesta says. However, since the tides are losing force, the equilibrium is fast getting lost with a lot of sand deposits remaining on the beaches. However, after the monsoon, we need high tides and the waves to come back and ensure the fresh water is salinated. But not everyone is amused with the record as temperatures in the coast have breached the levels the region usually witnesses in peak summer. Vinay Madhav and Gururaj A.Prof."This variety was considered a menace when it initially started entering the nets but now we realise it has economic value too. Now, the sea has receded by at least half a km.

The shore and the beach are decreasing at many places in the region," he says. Mangroves play an important role in holding the soil together during cyclones and tsunamis and minimise the damage to the coast line which is why this is a huge problem," Prof. The construction of sea walls has led to a loss in the beach stretch, he says and cites the example of the Summer Sands beach resort at Ullal where the sea was about 1 km away from the beach resort in the 1980s. This could have an adverse effect on the entire natural eغير مجاز مي باشدystem, say experts. Consequently, sand deposits are springing up on the beaches of  Karwar and declining in Mangaluru-two towns over 271 km apart. While the beach usually gets bigger after the monsoon, it has been receding in recent years with the sea eating into the coast. There may be multiple reasons behind the dwindling of these species. A lot have changed in sea behavior in the last one decade.S. And most worried is the community of marine biologists across coastal districts like Mangaluru, Udupi and Uttara Kannada. K. It’s not only marine life which is at risk, in Karwar, nearly half of the mangroves have been destroyed, which is something unheard of. But in recent years, the sea has not moved back much.Former chief of Mogaveera Vyavasthapaka Mandali and Panambur Beach Tourism Development Project CEO Yathish Baikampady says that in recent years, the sea is getting closer to the coast, a phenomenon which continues even after the monsoon. But what is of concern is that the beaches are changing shape with the one in Karwar town getting extended while the summer sand beach in Mangaluru is receding too fast for anyone’s comfort. Now with the beach getting extended and sea behaviour changing, we are really worried," Dr Mesta says.Normally, during the monsoon, the sea brings sand to the shore and takes it back later. With the phase after the monsoon last year witnessing several weather depressions in the sea, fishermen were naturally hoping to reap the bounty but surprisingly, there is hardly a big catch. Jayappa explains. At that time the seashore and the beach get wider.When dead fish with swollen bellies wash up on beaches in the thousands, when the coastline recedes alarmingly and when fishing boats venture deep into the deep blue sea and yet return with empty nets, it is obvious that our coastal eco-system is facing a serious threat. During the monsoon months, fishing boats, even from Kochi in Kerala take shelter in this place as they consider it safe.Increasing or receding beaches are just part of the problem. Karwar is a shelter harbour, which has a lot of islands. "The sea is experiencing a progredation and recession phenomenon. In the absence of such tides, half of the mangroves have been destroyed. We need a thorough study of the marine life we are losing. But this year, there is hardly any catch worth talking about  with the boats returning almost empty. When it is extremely hot, the air heats up and starts moving towards cooler regions which alters the direction of the tide. However, they play an important role in the marine eغير مجاز مي باشدystem which is why a study is of utmost importance," Dr Mesta stresses. Consequently, the sea becomes much calmer at the beaches," he said.Experts agree saying that weather patterns have led to a drastic change in fish behaviour.Experts put the blame on climate change, unprecedented rise in temperature and the changing behaviour of the sea which, if left unchecked, could play havoc with our hauntingly beautiful beaches and marine life.It was virtually a blast of hot air in  coastal Karnataka and Mangaluru in particular this January with the mercury hovering around 39 degrees Celsius — the day even went into the record books. All they can do now is stare at the placid waters of the Arabian Sea and say, "This is not good.Ten years ago, during the high tide, waves used to hit the place where the present Mini-Vidhana Soudha in Karwar stands.For instance, Mr Vasudeva, who owns fishing trawlers, is a worried man this year. The situation is totally different on Mangaluru beach where some places are fast losing the beach stretch while in others, the sea is buy empty medicine capsules receding too fast for anyone’s comfort. "Coastal behaviour changes with the tides, which are triggered by air. Usually, during December and January, fishing boats would return filled with fish every time they ventured into the sea. It is just that they have migrated to those regions," he explains.

There were no doctors after 12 in the night and only nurses are here.The minister was greeted here with black flags displayed by workers of the Jan Adhikar Party Loktantrik (LJP) who shouted slogans against him."There is a protocol regarding what kind of medicines and facilities should be given and we are doing the same.. She was declared dead today. We have even called doctors and nurses from AIIMS in Patna," he said.Another attendant, Sunil Ram said, "My four-year-old daughter was admitted to hospital on Saturday."My daughter is in the ICU room of SKMCH.Recalling the situation that prevailed five years ago, Pandey said a team that was formed to ascertain the cause of this disease concluded that sleeping empty stomach at night, dehydration due to humidity and eating lychee on empty stomach were some of the causes of Encephalitis.

The death toll is increasing day by day."Our government has tried to spread awareness which will be beneficial as well. There are four bodies inside ICU," Mohammad Aftab told ANI.Encephalitis is a viral disease, which causes mild flu-like symptoms such as high fever, convulsions and headaches and has been claiming lives in the district for the past few weeks.Muzaffarpur/Patna: With three more deaths reported from Muzaffarpur due to Acute Encephalitis Syndrome (AES), the death toll in the district mounted to 84 on Sunday as Bihar continues to grapple with the deadly disease.Meanwhile, on Sunday attendants of patients admitted to the SKMCH alleged that there were no doctors on call during the night.Earlier, Bihar Health Minister Mangal Pandey said the state government is doing its best to save children.Doctors claim that the deaths, due to AES, are being caused due to excessive heat and humidity. Scorching heat on Saturday claimed the lives of least 25 people from various districts of the state on Saturday.Sunil Kumar Shahi, Superintendent at the government hospital Sri Krishna Medical College and Hospital (SKMCH) today confirmed three more deaths due to Encephalitis Syndrome in the hospital."In the wake of the fatalities, Bihar Chief Minister Nitish Kumar announced an ex gratia of Rs 4 lakh each to families of the children who died due to AES in Muzaffarpur. He also gave directions to the health department, district administration and doctors to take necessary measures to fight the disease.

There is no facility in SKMCH.Union Health Minister Harsh Vardhan arrived in the state capital today to review public health measures for containment and management of the AES. We are monitoring China Halal certificated empty gelatin capsule shell Manufacturers things regularly and trying to save our children," Pandey said. Everything is being made available from medicines to doctors.Vardhan had previously said that the Centre was constantly monitoring the situation and supporting state health authorities to manage the encephalitis cases. Advertisement in newspapers, radio jingles, pamphlets and mic announcements are going to spread awareness regarding the disease."We are trying everything and anything that can save childrens lives. Health ministry is also working on it," he said.

With a hefty 5-1 lead, Mumbai City FC relaxed a bit but substitute Pranjal Bhumij scored one more to make it 6-1, finding the top corner with a delightful finish.Modou was, however, unstoppable, unleashing a vicious strike from about 25 yards that left the keeper stunned, scoring his fourth goal of the game.The Islanders are on a 15-day long pre-season tour in Thailand, and are training with an eye on the Hero ISL which begins later this month.Lampang FC, currently plying their trade in the Thai League 2, fought back at that stage to cut down the margin in the 63rd minute through Bell’s spot kick.Lampang FC, however, found the net one more time to end the clash 6-2, getting an easy finish after Ravi’s save rebounded and fell into Chok’s path with an empty net in front of him.Mumbai City FC ran rampant against Lampang FC, thumping them 6-2 for their second consecutive win in their pre-season campaign in Thailand. Brazilian Rafael Bastos stepped up and slotted the ball home easily to double their lead in the first half itself.

Toying with the defence, and showing breathtaking form, Modou added one more goal, rounding the Lampang goalkeeper met capsule price and scoring into an empty net, to complete a treble.The floodgates were opened up as early as in the 14th minute by former Olympique de Marseilles player Modou Sougou with a neat close range finish..Senegal’s Sougou made another move, storming into the box only to be fouled and awarded a penalty.Mumbai City FC continued to run riot in the second half too, with Modou finding space inside the box again to score another smart goal in the 53rd minute to give the team a strong three-goal cushion.

If there is doubt and distress, it is consigned to the footnotes. It’s as if we have created linearity, a grid which we want to stick to. The irony of the Green Revolution was to prove that farmers do not want to farm. The reader senses a statistical normality to the event and shrugs it off. Even civil society sticks to the officialdom of these narratives. We are caught in the irony that while religion is important to us, we seem to wallow in its pathologies, and paradoxically, spiritually becomes an extension of modern management. We are creating through government policy the parochialism of economics and sheer indifference, a long-run evacuation of agriculture. Even when one looks at the Dera incidents, one reads Ram Rahim as a ***ual problem.

The insidiousness of this violence is hidden in texts of policy and by a petty bourgeois government which will save Jallikattu, but ignore the fate of the farm. Looking back, one sees the token indicators but there is no sense of event, of debate, of the dynamic and disturbing events. Our experts feel farming, like weaving, is a sunset industry, and that India has started applying lifeboat ethics to farming. The first was a farm crisis; the second was the sheer epidemic of ***ual assault on minors and the third was what one might call the crisis of looking at religion creatively and authentically. Events outside don’t fit the official song line. The deaths of Akhlaq and Afrazul are written off as causalities in a just war based on a piece of idiot history. We read the demonstration as theatrical exercises with a bit of sentimentality and even bad taste because it is clear that agriculture as a way of life is doomed. One is talking not just of a physical helplessness, but a philosophical one. Modern India needs to relook at its religious imagination and re-dream the power of syncretism. It’s almost as if anything disturbing is sanitised into a debate on bad table manners, raising a stink or a smell.

Talking around, the scholars I consulted told me that 2017 was a disturbing year as a result of three events. The silence of civil society and the State is almost Kafkaesque.The final crisis is the one of events and categories. The year saw three major crises, but Indian democracy produced little response or understanding. The غير مجاز مي باشدt benefit of sheer economics argues that traditional farming is not worth it, and what we have tacitly done, as Devinder Sharma and others have pointed out, is to create an enclosure movement around agriculture.All three are a crisis of categories, a crisis of violence, a crisis of perception and a crisis of democracy.The farmers’ demonstration is not merely about drought or suicides or fair prices. Our democracy desperately needs to rethink about itself as an imagination. It is a crisis of perception. The demonstration by farmers became an empty spectacle as neither drought nor starvation touches middle class India. The victim disappears into anonymity.Three crises haunted 2017 and we lack even a discourse, a language for dialogue. If 2018 gets under way without an acknowledgement of the depths of these crises, it is doomed from the start. It is the way our society constructs religion. One cites an economic index, another makes a bow to governmentality and a third cites charismatic figures, from Chinese President Xi Jinping to US President Donald Trump. This concerns society. It is the crisis of ***uality and violence perpetrated on minors where rape and murder and the ritual erasure of the event become standard accompaniments.A lifeboat ethics model argues in a Darwinian sense that people who are drowning should not be helped if they are too helpless to help themselves. The first condones murder; the second seems impotent before it. To do the same for rape and murder of minors makes little sense. We are caught between the arid dualisms of communalism/fundamentalism and the secularist perspective. The scale of pathology frightens no one. The newspapers report it every day, but the reporting is so banal that one flips the page without understanding the social tragedy hidden there.Let’s talk about the agricultural crisis..Yet as one talks to more reflective social scientists and some of the younger journalists, one senses that annual surveys cover the non-events of the year and one pays lip service to the entrepreneur and leader of the year. Years ago, chain-snatching would be reported every day and we would shrug it off as a part of urban process. These are symptoms of a deeper cultural violence the government is perpetrating on agriculture as a way of life.A writer looking back on reflections of the year is stunned by the triteness of storytelling. If it’s an Indian report, Prime Minister Narendra Modi gets a huge slice of the cake. In a futuristic sense, the Narendra Modi government has inaugurated the death of agriculture. There is almost a standard ritual to annual surveys.The second crisis is not even recognised as a crisis. Even the enthusiasm of editors can’t quite inflate these empty events into anything memorable. This is not just an event for psychologists to flutter over and sanitise with some technical terms.  The power, the creativity, the meaning that a religion provides China Empty gelatin capsule shell Manufacturers is lost. The scandal does not end with the crime; it lies in society’s indifference to it. Feminist radicals are busy with khap panchayats and with the rights of trans-genders, but a minor child being raped at an orphanage in a city is dismissed with bad or pop sociology, which rounds it off as a crisis of migration, a decline of the Indian family system; sometimes, it is even dismissed as an exaggeration. No one asks about the faith of his followers, their search for utopia in small towns. A report becomes a sanitised act and one proceeds eventlessly as before.